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    ISPN 复习要点提示 09 静脉疗法
    日期:2020-03-17 19:33:49    
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    09
    Intravenous Therapy
    静脉疗法
     
    IV therapy 静脉疗法is the administration of a fluid substance (solution) directly into a vein through a small intravenous catheter. It is used as a therapeutic treatment for clients who are unable to take substances orally. It provides immediate access to the vascular system for the rapid delivery of specific solutions without the time required for gastrointestinal tract absorption and a vascular route for the administration of medication or blood components为药物或血液成分的输入提供血管途径. It replaces water, electrolytes, and nutrients more rapidly than oral administration.
    The physician or other licensed healthcare professional with prescriptive privileges (处方权) is responsible for prescribing the kind and amount of solution to be used. The nurse is responsible for initiating, monitoring, and discontinuing the therapy.
    Types of solutions 输液类型being used in IV therapy may include isotonic solutions 等渗溶液, hypotonic solutions低渗溶液, hypertonic solutions高渗溶液 and colloids胶体溶液. These solutions may be used based on the patient conditions and the purpose of application.
    Certain intravenous devices 输液装置 are needed to administer medications, solutions, or other substances into a vein. These devices can be divided into three parts: venous access (needles and catheters), IV containers, and IV administration tubings.
    Key points of this topic may include the properties and use of IV solutions, desired effects and untoward reactions, assembling and use of IV set, selection of IV sites, precautions and complications of IV therapy, and nursing interventions. They will be discussed in three parts: (1) IV solutions and devices; (2) selection of IV sites and veins; and (3) precautions and complications.
     



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