Tips on How to Review for ISPN Examinations
19
Endocrine Disorders and Medications
内分泌系统疾病及用药
The endocrine system is made up of organs or glands that secrete hormones and release them directly into the circulation. The endocrine system can be understood easily if you remember that basically 1 of 2 situations can occur—hypersecretion or hyposecretion of hormones from the organ or gland. When an excess of the hormone occurs, treatment is aimed at blocking the hormone release through medication or surgery. When a deficit of the hormone exists, treatment is aimed at replacement therapy.
Review will focus on diabetes mellitus, including its prevention, the prevention and treatment of complications, insulin therapy, hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic reactions, and diabetic ketoacidosis; Addison’s disease and addisonian crisis; Cushing’s disease or Cushing’s syndrome; thyroid disorders and thyroid storm; and care of the client after thyroidectomy or adrenalectomy.
理解和掌握内分泌系统，主要抓住两大要点：器官或腺体激素分泌过多或分泌不足。重点有：糖尿病，包括其预防及并发症的预防及治疗、胰岛素疗法、低血糖和高血糖反应及糖尿病性酮酸毒症，艾迪生病和艾迪生危象，库欣氏病或为欣氏综合征，甲状腺疾病与甲状腺危象，及甲状腺或腺体切除患者的护理等。
Tips on endocrine system disorders and medicatioins will be discussed in 4 aspects:
1. Anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system,
2. Assessment and diagnostic tests,
3. Common endocrine disorders, and
4. Medications used to treat common endocrine disorders
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