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    《心血管护理》总第31.6期
    日期:2016-11-11 09:16:26    来源:ISPN 周老师
    《心血管护理》2016年11/12月总第31卷第6期
    Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
    November/December 2016 - Volume 31- Issue 6
    pp: 479-561,E1-E28
     
    PCNA News
    Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association News
    预防心血管护士协会新闻
     
    DEPARTMENTS
    PCNA Annual Symposium Abstracts
    Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association 22nd Annual Symposium Winning Abstracts: Poster Abstracts
    预防心血管护士协会第22届年会获奖摘要:海报摘要
     
    Progress in Prevention
    Using Noninvasive Tools to Screen for Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes: Value Added to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
    利用非侵入性工具筛查前期糖尿病和未诊断出的糖尿病:心血管病预防的附加值
    Globally, there has been a steep rise in diabetes between 1980 and 2014, with the prevalence among adults over this time period nearly doubling from 108 million (4.7%) to 422 million (8.5%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for most diabetes cases reported and is a major public health concern in the United States, affecting approximately 28 million adults and costing $245 billion annually.
     
    Pharmacology: Evidence Meets Practice
    Foundations of Pharmacotherapy for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Evidence Meets Practice, Part II
    收缩功能减退心力衰竭患者的药物治疗基础:证据与实践之二
    Pharmacologic treatment for systolic heart failure, otherwise known as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, has been established through clinical trials and is formulated into guidelines to standardize the diagnosis and treatment. Since the introduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and vasodilators in the 1980s, many guideline-recommended therapies have emerged over the past 20 years targeting specific neurohormones, aldosterone, and catecholamines to treat heart failure. Part 2 of this series will describe β-blockers, digoxin, and aldosterone antagonists in the context of the mechanism of action in heart failure, investigational trials that showed beneficial effects, and the practical applications for clinical use.
     
    ARTICLES
    Prevention
    Illness Perceptions and Health Behaviors of Black Women
    黑人妇女的生病感觉与健康行为
    The Common Sense Model of Illness Representations proposes that representations or perceptions of illness drive health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between hypertension representations, exercise, and dietary behaviors in hypertensive black women (N = 204, aged 18–65 years).
    Differences Between New Immigrants From the Former Soviet Union and Veteran Residents in Knowledge, Perception, and Risk Factors of Stroke
    前苏联新移民与老资格居民之间的中风知识、感觉及风险因素差异
    Stroke is the fourth most common cause of death in developed countries and a leading cause of acquired disability in adults. Awareness of risk factors and warning signs for stroke has a considerable impact on early arrival at the hospital and early thrombolytic treatment. Delays in seeking medical treatment following the onset of stroke symptoms have been shown to be more common among ethnic minorities.
    A Randomized Feasibility Trial of a New Lifestyle Referral Assessment Versus Usual Assessment in an Acute Cardiology Setting
    对心脏病学急诊机构新生活方式分送评估与惯常评估的随机可行性试验
    A healthy diet, taking exercise, and not smoking or consuming alcohol in excess are important to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease either alone or in combination with statin medication. Health education, including providing information to patients on healthy living and guidance on how to achieve it, is a key nursing function.
     
    Acute Care
    Experiences of Young Adults With Pacemakers and/or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
    青壮年的起搏器和植入型心律转复除颤器使用经验
    The number of implanted devices (pacemakers [PMs] and implantable cardioverter defibrillators [ICDs]) is increasing. Because of technological advances, these devices are used in greater numbers in children and adolescents. Challenges of having these devices have been well studied in adults, but little is known about the lived experiences from the perspective of young adults.
    Patients’ Decision Making About Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Aortic Stenosis
    重度主动脉瓣患者的经导管主动脉瓣植入决策
    Aortic stenosis is the most common valve disease in Western countries, and its prevalence is increasing because of the aging population. Some patients, denied surgery because of high risk, can be offered transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). These patients are old and have comorbidities, and it is not always easy for them to make the decision about accepting TAVI.
     
    Heart Failure
    Self-reported Adherence to a Low-Sodium Diet and Health Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure
    心力衰竭患者的自报告低钠膳食坚持率与健康结果
    Most clinicians rely on patients’ self-report of following a low-sodium diet to determine adherence of patients with heart failure (HF). Whether self-reported adherence to a low-sodium diet is associated with cardiac event–free survival is unclear.
    Profile and Determinants of Neurocognitive Dysfunction in a Sample of Adult Nigerians With Heart Failure
    尼日利亚心力衰竭成人患者样本神经系统识别障碍的特征及决定子
    Heart failure (HF) in Africans is peculiar because subjects are younger than whites and have lower socioeconomic and educational level in addition to the high prevalence of hypertension-related etiology and increased mortality. Whereas cognitive dysfunction have been demonstrated among whites with HF, the prevalence and pattern of cognitive dysfunction among sub-Saharan African patients with HF have not been evaluated against this background.
     
    Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
    Falls in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review
    心力衰竭患者的摔倒:系统综述
    Many heart failure patients show fall-related signs/symptoms including postural hypotension, cerebellar injury, and cognitive impairments. Falls contribute to injuries, increased healthcare use, and death, but falls have been understudied in this population.
     
    Feature Article/Online Only
    Long-term Physical Activity Behavior After Completion of Traditional Versus Fast-track Cardiac Rehabilitation
    传统与快速心脏康复完成后的长期体育活动行为
    Despite the health benefits associated with regular physical activity (PA), many cardiac patients fail to maintain optimal levels of PA after completing cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The long-term impact of different CR delivery models on the PA habits of cardiac patients is not completely understood.
    A Multicenter Trial of a Shared Decision Support Intervention for Patients and Their Caregivers Offered Destination Therapy for Advanced Heart Failure: DECIDE-LVAD: Rationale,...
    晚期心衰终期治疗患者及其照护者共享决策支持干预的多中心试验
    Shared decision making is important to ensure that patients receive therapies aligned with their goals and values. Based upon a detailed needs assessment with diverse stakeholders, pamphlet and video decision aids for destination therapy left ventricular assist devices (DT LVAD) were developed to help patients and their caregivers think through, forecast, and deliberate their options. These decision aids are the foundation of the Multicenter Trial of a Shared Decision Support Intervention for Patients and their Caregivers Offered Destination Therapy for End-Stage Heart Failure (DECIDE-LVAD) study, a multicenter, randomized trial aimed at understanding the effectiveness and implementation of a shared decision support intervention for patients considering DT LVAD.
    Psychometrics of the Zarit Burden Interview in Caregivers of Patients With Heart Failure
    Zarit Burden访谈对心衰患者照护者的心理测定意义
    Identification of family caregivers who are burdened by the caregiving experience is vital to prevention of poor outcomes associated with caregiving. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), a well-known measure of caregiving burden in caregivers of patients with dementia, has been used without being validated in caregivers of patients with heart failure (HF).
     
     




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