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    《ISPN学习》总第506期
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    《ISPN学习》总第534期
    日期:2019-09-08 21:09:21    




    《ISPN学习》2019年09月09日总第534期
     
     
    相识是缘,相知是福;
    风雨兼程,不忘初心;
    有您相伴,奥医感恩。
     

    From the Programs
    From the Programs [课程选粹]栏目登载奥医网站课程材料精选,旨在帮助读者了解奥医ISPN/NCLEX-RN考试复习课程内容,并加深对考试相关内容的学习、掌握[课程详情见网站或点击阅读原文]您的需要就是我们的努力方向。谢谢)
     
     
    RN-ISPN综合复习课程上线
    《RN-ISPN综合复习讲座》4月15日起陆续上线,每周两讲,预计11月底完成。有需要者请联系ISPN周老师咨询、报名,并感谢各位向有需要的亲朋好友推荐本讲座。详情请登录网站(www.omedin.com)“备考资讯”栏目查询、试听。相关介绍在QQ群“国际护士ISPN”(群号:384099249)及微信公众号ISPN周老师(ISPN-CG)同步发布。谢谢!
     
     
    想提高专业英语听力吗?想边练听力边增加护理专业知识吗?Listening -- Elementary》(专业英语听力 – 初级)可助你一臂之力。
     
     
    ISPN  Review 
    Drug interactions
    药物相互作用
     
    Antitubercular drugs may interact with many other drugs.
    • Cycloserine and ethionamide may produce additive CNS effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, headache, lethargy, depression, tremor, anxiety, confusion, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears), when administered with isoniazid.
    • Isoniazid may increase levels of phenytoin, carbamazepine, diazepam, ethosuximide, primidone, theophylline, and warfarin.
    • When corticosteroids and isoniazid are taken together, the effectiveness of isoniazid is reduced while the effects of corticosteroids are increased.
    • Isoniazid may reduce the plasma levels of ketoconazole, itraconazole, and oral antidiabetic agents.
    • Oral contraceptives and rifampin taken together may decrease the effectiveness of the oral contraceptive.
    • When given together, rifampin, isoniazid, ethionamide, and pyrazinamide increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
    • Pyrazinamide combined with phenytoin may increase phenytoin levels.
     
    抗结核病药可与很多药物发生相互作用
    • 环丝氨酸和乙硫异烟胺与异烟肼联用时,可产生CNS协同增强效应,如嗜睡、头晕、头痛、倦怠、抑郁、震颤、焦虑、意识模糊和耳鸣(耳朵翁翁声)
    • 异烟肼可使苯妥英、卡马西平、地西泮、乙琥胺、扑米酮、茶碱和华法林血药浓度上升
    • 皮质甾类和异烟肼一起服用时,异烟肼效果下降,皮质甾类效果增强
    • 异烟肼可降低酮康唑、伊曲康唑和口服降糖药的血药浓度
    • 口服避孕药和利福平一起服用可降低口服避孕药效果
    • 一起服用时,利福平、异烟肼、乙硫异烟胺和吡嗪酰胺可增加肝毒性风险
    • 吡嗪酰胺与苯妥英联用可增加苯妥英血药浓度

     
    Adverse reactions to antitubercular drugs
    抗结核病药的不良反应
     
    Ethambutol
    乙胺丁醇
     
    Itching, joint pain, GI distress, malaise, leukopenia, headache, dizziness, numbness and tingling of the extremities, optic neuritis, and confusion may occur. Although rare, hypersensitivity reactions to ethambutol may produce rash and fever. Anaphylaxis may also occur.
     
    可出现瘙痒、关节痛、GI不适、全身乏力、白细胞减少、头痛、头晕、四肢麻木刺痛、视神经炎和意识模糊。乙胺丁醇超敏反应导致皮疹、发烧,但较罕见。还可能出现过敏反应。
     
    Isoniazid
    异烟肼
     
    Peripheral neuropathy is the most common adverse reaction. Severe and occasionally fatal hepatitis associated with isoniazid may occur even many months after treatment has stopped. The patient must be monitored carefully.
     
    周围神经病变为最常见不良反应。即使在治疗停止几个月后,也可能出现异烟肼相关的严重、偶尔致命的肝炎。必须仔细监测患者。
     
    Rifampin
    利福平
     
    The most common adverse reactions include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, flatulence, anorexia, and diarrhea.
     
    最常见不良反应包括心口痛、恶心、呕吐、腹部绞痛、气胀、厌食和腹泻。
     
    Pyrazinamide
    吡嗪酰胺
     
    Liver toxicity is the major limiting adverse reaction. GI disturbances include nausea, vomiting, hyperuricemia, arthralgia, and anorexia.
     
    肝毒性为主要的限制性不良反应。GI障碍包括恶心、呕吐、高尿酸血症、关节痛和厌食
     
    Vocabulary for Today    
    cycloserine – n. 环丝氨酸
    ethionamide – n. 乙硫异烟胺
    phenytoin – n. 苯妥英
    carbamazepine – n. 卡马西平
    diazepam – n. 地西泮
    ethosuximide – n. 乙琥胺
    primidone – n. 扑米酮
    theophylline – n. 茶碱
    pyrazinamide – n. 吡嗪酰胺
     
    尽快地从茫然中理清复习思路,准确地抓住复习重点,这是每一个考试复习者的一大愿望。“ISPN考试复习要点提示”即是帮您实现这一愿望的利器!该教程已在www.omedin.com陆续上线。
     
     
    Video  
    TB Medications
     
    Test  
    1. A patient with active tuberculosis is taking Ethambutol. As the nurse you make it priority to assess the patient’s?
    A. Hearing
    B. Mental status
    C. Vitamin B6 level
    D. Vision
    2. A patient taking Isoniazid (INH) should be monitored for what deficiency?
    A. Vitamin C
    B. Calcium
    C. Vitamin B6
    D. Potassium
     
    (本期答案见页底)
     
    奥医教育“在线自测”正式上线,复习练习、效果检验,奥医NCLEX-RN/ISPN题库一站完成。需要就来www.omedin.com
     
     
    本期ISPN Review答案
    1. D. Vision
    This medication can cause inflammation of the optic nerve. Therefore, it is very important the nurse asks the patient about their vision. If the patient has blurred vision or reports a change in colors, the MD must be notified immediately.
    2. C. Vitamin B6
    This medication can lead to low Vitamin B6 levels. Most patients will take a supplement of B6 while taking this medication.
     





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