Correlations and regression analyses showed that empathy and self-compassion predicted the three aspects of professional quality of life. Empathic concern was positively associated with compassion satisfaction as well as with compassion fatigue. Mediation models suggested that the negative components of self-compassion explain some of these effects, and self-kindness and common humanity were significant moderators. The same results were found for the association between personal distress and compassion fatigue. High levels of affective empathy may be a risk factor for compassion fatigue, whereas self-compassion might be protective.

Women in the experimental group increased physical activity from 1609 to 1892 MET-min/week (β = 846, p = .01), reduced the percentage of diagnosed with metabolic syndrome to 81.6% (β = −0.17, p = .003), and decreased the number of metabolic risks from 4.0 to 3.6 (β = −0.50, p < .001), compared to the usual care group (4.4–4.6). There was not a reduction in the percentage of diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in the brief group, but they had fewer metabolic risks after 12 weeks (mean = 4.0 vs. 4.6, β = −0.2, p = .02) compared to the usual care group. Motivational interviewing as a component of an individualized physical activity and lifestyle modification program has positive benefit in reducing metabolic risks in middle-aged and older women.

Thirteen barriers to, and 11 enablers of, leadership were identified. Although building leadership capabilities at advanced practitioner-level and team-level are important, without key inputs from healthcare managers, advanced practitioners’ leadership enactment will remain at the level of clinical practice, and their contribution as change agents and innovators at the strategic level of service development and development of the nursing profession will be not be realised.

Compared to the incidence rate of death in the months of overstaffing when average daily nursing workload was below the optimal level, the incidence rate was nearly fivefold when average daily nursing workload was at the optimal level and 13-fold in the months of understaffing when average daily nursing workload was above the optimal level. Hospital mortality can be predicted by the RAFAELA system. This study rendered additional confirmation for the predictive validity of this patient classification system. In future, larger studies with a wider variety of nurse sensitive outcomes and multiple risk adjustments are needed. Future research should also focus on other important criteria for an adequate nursing workforce management tool such as simplicity, efficiency and acceptability.

Internal factors were attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge whereas format and usability of CPGs, resources, leadership, and organizational culture were external factors influencing CPG use. Given each barrier and facilitator, interventions and policies can be designed to increase nurses’ use of CPGs to deliver more evidence based therapy. In order to improve the use of CPGs and to ensure high quality care for all patients, nurses must actively participate in development, implementation, and maintenance of CPGs.

Three themes emerged from the data: I. The behaviors of cardiac patients demonstrated selected self-care practices; II. Patients identified barriers to self-care reflective of the Lebanese political and socio-economic situation; and, III. Patients described facilitators to self-care consistent with the Lebanese socio-cultural values and norms. The most common self-care practices included taking medications and eating properly. Lebanese patients reported select self-care practices in dealing with their cardiac illness. Barriers and facilitators to their self-care behaviors reflected the Lebanese context and culture. Thus health care providers must assess their patients’ practices within their sociocultural context so that interventions to promote self-care are tailored accordingly.

Occurrence of violence prior to intervention was comparable between two groups: 88.9% (n = 32) parents in the experimental group versus 93.9% in the control group experienced verbal attack, and 50% versus 48.5% received body attack and were injured. The intervention significantly reduced violence, improved impulsivity, changed patients’ and parents’ violence attributions, and fostering active coping processes in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Child- and Parent-focused Violence Intervention Program is effective on child-to-parent violence management in parent–adult child dyads. Thus, the intervention can be helpful for patients who have just been diagnosed with mental illness and had an episode of violence toward their parents within a narrow time frame.

The meaning of maintaining dignity was constituted in a sense of vulnerability to the self, and elucidated in three major interrelated themes: Being involved as a human being, being involved as the person one is and strives to become, and being involved as an integrated member of the society. The results reveal that maintaining dignity in nursing homes from the perspective of the residents can be explained as a kind of ongoing identity process based on opportunities to be involved, and confirmed in interaction with significant others.

Thirteen randomized controlled trials involving 1108 patients with prostatectomy incontinence were included. The immediate-, intermediate-, and long-term effects of objectively measured biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training on urinary incontinence were significant when compared with those of pelvic floor muscle training alone. However, when urinary incontinence was measured subjectively, only the intermediate and long-term effects of biofeedback were found. Biofeedback can be an adjunct treatment to pelvic floor muscle training for reducing urinary incontinence in patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy.

1230 articles were screened resulting in 101 included studies. The Delphi was used in 88.2% of studies. Most were reported in nursing journals (63.4%). The most common purpose to use these methods was defining competencies, curriculum development and renewal, and assessment. The findings of this study are concerning if interpreted within the context of the structural critiques because our findings lend support to these critiques. If consensus methods should continue being used to inform best practices in nursing education, they must be rigorous in design.

In total, 25 studies were included. All studies had a high risk of bias and data from only nine studies could be pooled. Five studies showed no association between infection at site of injection and reuse of needles; heterogeneity between these studies was substantial. Five cross-sectional studies showed an association between lipohypertrophy and needle reuse; there was strong evidence of heterogeneity between these studies. There is currently no clear scientific evidence to suggest for or against the reuse of needles for subcutaneous insulin injection. This practice is very common among people with diabetes; consequently, further research is necessary to establish its safety.

We empowered families by listening, dialogues, reflection, and taking action based on Freire's empowerment theory. Nurses could initiate the families’ life changes and assist children to solve the problems by themselves, which could yield positive health outcomes.

Of the 409 studies identified through search methods, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Thematic synthesis identified 9 themes: Bonding/Attachment; Body Image; Self Esteem/Confidence; Female Role Models; Family and Support Network; Lifestyle; Formal Information Sources; Knowledge; and Feeding in front of others/Public. By taking a Social Ecological perspective, we were able to explore and demonstrate the multiple influences impacting on expectant parents in the decision-making process. A better understanding of expectant parents’ views and experiences in making infant feeding decisions in the prenatal and antenatal periods will inform public health policy and the coordination of service provision to support infant feeding activities.

Four context–mechanism–outcome configurations contribute to advancing our understanding about the potential of intermediaries to promote best practice. Findings offer a new lens on the role of intermediaries in bridging the evidence to practice gap. As such they could be considered when reviewing or developing new interventions/programmes that use intermediaries to plug the gap between theory and practice. The findings could also be used to guide the design and development of new intermediary models in healthcare, to promote best practice and support the quality of patient care.

Linear mixed model analyses revealed that of the antecedents to emotional work strategies, epidural analgesia was negatively associated with surface acting; primigravida was significantly associated with deep acting and negatively associated with surface acting; induction of birth was not associated with deep or surface acting, and instrumental birth was significantly associated with deep acting and positively associated with surface acting. The midwife–birthing woman encounter is becoming globally significant for improving childbirth outcomes. Therefore, these findings offer empirical support for the importance of the midwife's expression of authenticity toward the birthing woman in improving her childbirth experience, especially when the woman perceives the midwife's emotional work strategy accurately. Also noteworthy are the aforementioned conditions that shape the midwife's engagement in deep acting or surface acting, with important recommendations to improve women's childbirth experiences.

Eight studies (reported in 11 papers) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, these studies demonstrate poor application of Appreciative Inquiry criteria in a nursing context. Appreciative Inquiry offers potential for nurse practice development and change but not without cognisance of the pivotal components. If Appreciative Inquiry is to be perceived as a legitimate research endeavour, there must be engagement and attention to rigour. Findings suggest caution is required against the choreography of Appreciative Inquiry where participant experiences are moulded to fit a previously drafted master plan. Further research is needed to explore the role of expert facilitation in securing and sustaining successful outcomes of Appreciative Inquiry.

Most participants had at least 1 impaired cognitive domain. Self-care confidence appears to be an important factor influencing heart failure self-care even in patients with impaired cognition. As few studies have successfully improved cognition, interventions addressing confidence should be considered as a way to improve self-care in this population.

Synthesis of the included qualitative studies revealed that the professional and experiential context of healthcare compromised the health professional's readiness to seek help for addiction. Facilitating the help seeking process for health professionals with addiction in as effective strategy to reduce the associated risks to the health professional, their families and colleagues, their employers and regulatory bodies, and to the general public. Our findings suggest that intervention is possible at multiple points in the help seeking process for health professionals with addiction. Confidential, compassionate and supportive alternatives offer potential for closing this gap.

Nurses described a strong sense of responsibility for providing excellent patient care, and identified stressor that negatively impacted their ability to do so. Experienced pediatric nurses felt powerless to provide quality care to an increasingly acute and vulnerable population. Dealing with multiple and diverse responsibilities, and limited resources and support, were important stressors. Nurse Managers and educators could mitigate stressors and improve retention of experienced pediatric nurses by offering targeted continuing education to those newly responsible for additional roles, and building supportive working environments that encourage collaboration and empower experienced nurses.

This study provides a better understanding of contributing factors for anxiety in the critically ill. Trait anxiety and state anxiety were significantly associated with each other, namely, patients who were anxious by nature experienced higher levels of state anxiety, which persisted throughout their stay in the intensive care unit. Recognising the importance of state and trait anxiety assessments using validated tools and determining ways to manage anxiety in the critically ill are critical aspects of the intensive care nurses role.

Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. All studies adopted qualitative research methods, of which three studies used additional quantitative methods. Peer workers’ perceptions and experiences cover a range of themes including the lack of credibility of peer worker roles, professionals’ negative attitudes, tensions with service users, struggles with identity construction, cultural impediments, poor organizational arrangements, and inadequate overarching social and mental health policies. This review can inform policy, practice and research from the unique perspective of peer workers. Mental health professionals and peer workers should enter into an alliance to address barriers in the integration of peer workers and to enhance quality of service delivery. Longitudinal research is needed to determine how to address barriers in the implementation of peer worker roles.

Almost 30% of new nurses working in hospitals leave their unit, and/or position, and/or title during their first year of work. Our results point to the variables on which managers can focus to improve unit-level retention of new nurses. Although participants were from a nationally representative sample of nurses who were newly licensed in 2004–2005, with the geographical shifts in the USA population in the last 10 years the sample may not be geographically representative of new nurses who graduated in 2015.

A higher number of patients per RN was significantly associated with higher odds of reporting poor/failing patient safety (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.004–1.03) and poor/fair quality of care (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01–1.04), and of having care left undone due to lack of time (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05). Compared with RNs who did not work overtime, RNs working overtime reported an 88% increase in failing or poor patient safety (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.40–2.52), a 45% increase in fair or poor quality of nursing care (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.17–1.80), and an 86% increase in care left undone (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.48–2.35). Our findings suggest that ensuring appropriate nurse staffing and working hours is important to improve the quality and safety of care and to reduce care left undone in hospitals.