Intellectually Disabled individuals
智障个体
A. Intellectually disabled individuals are at high risk for certain health disorders.
智障个体是某些健康障碍的高危者。
B. Often, these disorders go untreated due to atypical symptom presentation, which leads to secondary problems later in life.
通常，这些疾病因症状不典型而未曾治疗，最终导致以后的继发性问题。
C. Communication barriers between health care professionals and those with an intellectual disability presents a unique challenge in identifying and managing health care needs in this population.
健康医疗专业人员和智障者之间的沟通障碍给确认和管理该群体的健康医疗需求带来挑战。
D. These clients tend to be poor historians, and it may be necessary to take more time to ask questions in a variety of different ways.
这些患者往往是对往事记忆不佳的人，因此，有必要花更多的时间通过各种方式询问。
E. Risk factors
风险因素
1. Common health conditions include motor deficits, epilepsy, allergies, otitis media, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), dysmenorrhea, sleep problems, mental illness, vision and hearing impairments, constipation, and oral health problems.
常见的健康问题包括运动缺陷、癫痫、变态反应、中耳炎、胃食管返流疾病（GERD）、痛经、睡眠问题、心理疾病、视力和听力受损、便秘、口腔健康问题。
2. These clients tend to eat quickly, so choking and aspiration presents a safety risk.
这些患者往往吃得很快，噎塞和误吸成为一大安全危险。
3. Certain conditions can cause changes in behavior; for example, there may be eating disturbances due to GERD or self-injury due to presence of an ear infection.
有些情况可能引起行为变化。如，因GERD引起的饮食障碍或耳部感染引起的自我损伤等。
F. Health care considerations for intellectually disabled individuals
智障个体的健康医疗考虑
1. Functional behavioral assessment is important in identifying existing health problems.
功能性行为评估对确认现有健康问题很重要。
2. Awareness of altered behavior as a manifestation of an illness is important in early identification and prevention of secondary problems.
行为变化是疾病的一种表现，这一认识对尽早发现和预防继发性问题很重要。
3. Health interventions should be focused on treating a medical condition, followed by behavioral interventions to prevent continued behavioral response to an illness.
健康措施应着重关注治疗疾病，随后是用行为干预措施防止疾病的后续行为反应。
★Vocabulary for Today ★
intellectual – a. 智力的，聪明的
disabled – a. 失能的。残疾的
untreated – a. 未加处理的，未治疗的
atypical – a. 非典型的，不规则的
presentation – n. 呈现，显示，表象
communication barriers – 沟通障碍
historian – n. 历史学家
motor deficit – 运动缺陷
GERD -- gastroesophageal reflux disease
dysmenorrhea – n. 痛经
secondary problems – 继发性问题，继发性疾病
★Video ★
Intellectual Disability
★NCLEX-RN Experience★
考试从来不易，前行者的经验可以使后来者少走不少弯路！
NCLEX考试有什么策略？听听考生的建议
NCLEX tips recommendation
By christina360
What NCLEX strategies should I follow? Can you share the tips and tricks and what book did you study?
By CareerChange18, BSN, RN
I took the test Thursday 10/10. I used Uworld and mark Klimek audios. He has some excellent tips. Passed in 75 questions. I wouldn’t say I was a scholar student by any means. I think if I can pass with those two methods, anyone can. I didn’t find anything else necessary
By Kimmi_1993
I used mainly uworld, but other materials helped me as well such as the NCLEX mastery app, Mark audios, even though I didn’t finish listening to it, and the NCLEX cram sheet. But the best advice I can give you is relax; don’t stress too much about it. Don’t worry so much about the number of questions you’re doing and more about reading and maybe writing down the rationales. When it dawns closer to your date then you can pick up on the number of questions you’re doing so you can build up your test stamina. Good luck, you can do!
By neena_, BSN, RN
Used Uworld and Saunders Comprehensive Review.
Set a schedule and focus on your worst topics for the first few weeks; try answer at least 50-75 questions a day; utilize the "exam mode" option to get the feel of the real exam; study in intervals -- studying too long won't help you learn if your brain can't take it; look up diseases you're not familiar with on Youtube (helped me visualize significant symptoms); take the time to understand why answers are right and wrong (in other words, take note of the rationales); take breaks; get a lot of sleep before the exam; go in prepared to answer all 265 questions the day of
RegisteredNurseRN on YouTube especially helped me out explaining important NCLEX topics when I was in a time crunch.
Good luck to you!
★Test ★
1. The nurse planning care for a military veteran should prioritize nursing interventions targeted at managing which condition, if present, that commonly occurs in this population?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperlipidemia
C. Substance abuse disorder
D. Post-traumatic stress disorder
2. The nurse caring for a refugee considers which health care need a priority for this client?
A. Access to housing
B. Access to clean water
C. Access to transportation
D. Access to mental healthcare services
答案 (Answers)
1. D
Rationale: Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is extremely common in this population. Identifying and treating mental health disorders assists in mitigating suicide risk. Treatment of comorbid conditions such as PTSD may also help address any substance use disorder. Use of screening tools in identifying substance use disorder is helpful. Treatment of PTSD includes exposure therapy, psychotherapy, and family/group therapy. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are important but not the priority; the risk of suicide and other safety concerns associated with PTSD are the priority for this population.
2. D
Rationale: Mental health problems are the primary issue for this population as a result of tortuous events. While all other options are important for all clients, they do not address the specific needs of this special population.
当前位置：
