Indications: Treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, supraventricular tachycardia, tremor; prevention of reinfarction after MI; adjunctive therapy in pheochromocytoma; prophylaxis of migraine headache; management of situational anxiety, treatment of proliferating infantile hemoangioma.
Actions: Competitively blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and juxtaglomerular apparatus; reduces vascular tone in the CNS. 作用：竞争性阻断心脏和肾小球旁器的β肾上腺素能受体；减轻CNS血管张力。
Pharmacokinetics: 药代动力学 给药途径起效达峰持续时间
PO 20-30 min 60-90 min 6-12 h
IV 立即 1 min 4-6 h
T1/2: 3 to 5 hours; metabolized in the liver; excreted in the urine. 半衰期：3-5 h；经肝代谢，随尿排出
Indications: Treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, MI; off-label uses are prevention of migraine headaches, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, and supraventricular tachycardias. 适应症：心绞痛、高血压、心肌梗塞的治疗；标示外使用以预防偏头痛、酒精戒断综合征和室上性心动过速。
Actions: Blocks beta1-adrenergic receptors, decreasing the excitability of the heart, cardiac output, and oxygen consumption; decreases renin release, which lowers blood pressure. 作用：阻断β1-肾上腺素能受体，降低以及兴奋性，减少以排血量和氧消耗；减少肾素释放，从而降低血压。
Pharmacokinetics: 药代动力学 给药途径起效时间达峰时间持续时间
PO 不定 2-4 h 24 h
IV 立即 5 min 24 h
T1/2: 6 to 7 hours; excreted in the bile, feces, and urine. 半衰期：6-7小时；随胆汁、粪便和尿排出
1. A patient is admitted with a dysrhythmia. The physician prescribes Propranolol. Which statement by the patient requires the nurse to hold the ordered dose and notify the physician for further orders?
A. “I use an inhaler at home for asthma.”
B. “My heart feels like it is racing, and I feel very weak.”
C. “I had caffeine this morning with breakfast.”
D. “I smoke 2 packs of cigarettes per day.” 2. The client has been started on a treatment regimen that includes atenolol. She complains to the nurse of experiencing weakness. Which is the best response from the nurse?
A. I will hold your next dose of the medication. You are reaching a toxic level.
B. I will increase your next dose of the medication. Your level is too low.
C. This is an adverse reaction to the medication. I will stop the drug.
D. This is a side effect of the medication. I will notify your physician.
奥医教育“在线自测”正式上线，复习练习、效果检验，奥医NCLEX-RN/ISPN题库一站完成。
答案Answers 1. A. I use an inhaler at home for asthma Rationale: The answer is A. Propranolol is a nonselective beta blocker. Therefore, it affects beta 1 and beta 2 receptors. Beta 2 receptors are found in the lungs (specifically the bronchioles). This medication could cause bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma or COPD and should be avoided. Selective beta blockers (Atenolol, Esmolol, Metorprolol) block only beta 1 (which are found in the heart and kidneys). Therefore, they are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction. 2. D. This is a side effect of the medication. I will notify your physician. Rationale: Weakness can be a side effect of atenolol.
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