《护理展望》2016年9/10月刊总第64卷第5期
Nursing Outlook
September 2016–October 2016Volume 64, Issue 5, p403-522, e1
Special Issue: Military and Veteran Health
Information for Authors e1
Guest Editorial
Finding a path forward: A focus on military and veterans health p403–405
找到前进之路：对军队和退伍老兵健康的关注
Currently, in the United States, we have 1.4 million active duty service members and our United Kingdom allies have more than 150,000 active duty service members. Military personnel comprise a unique and large population spanning every continent across the globe. Taking into account the more than 21.8 million military veterans in the United States alone and the specific health care, educational, and employment needs faced by those who served during different wars and conflicts, we can understand why Joining Forces was launched in 2012.
President's Message
Culture, practice, science and leadership: Natural partners p406–407
文化、执业、科学与领导力：天然合伙人
The Academy is committed to the critical role that social determinants of health play in creating healthier people and healthier communities. We positioned the social determinants of health as one of three strategic goals in our 2014 to 2017 strategic plan. The Academy Board is currently engaged in refreshing our strategic plan for 2017 to 2020. A commitment to the health of populations and to health equity is threaded throughout our focus on policy, practice, and leadership and it is evident in the Academy's signature initiatives, policy briefs, position statements, and engagement with partners. As we join with partners such as the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and their action framework around building a “Culture of Health”
Letters to the Editor
Response to Meleis's article p408
对梅雷斯文章的回应
Response to letter to the editor regarding “undeaning” publication p409–410
对有关“退休院长”出版物的回应
I want to thank my dean colleagues for taking the time to respond to my article, “The Undeaning Transition: Toward Becoming a Former Dean” from Volume 64, Issue 2 of Nursing Outlook. I have received many thoughtful comments about it via different media sources, but I particularly appreciate a letter to the editor as it promotes a more public dialogue.
Special Issue: Military and Veteran Health
Evaluation of brief treatment of symptoms of psychological trauma among veterans residing in a homeless shelter by use of Accelerated Resolution Therapy p411–423
对采用快速解决疗法治疗无家可归者庇护所老兵心理创伤症状效果的评价
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in both homeless and nonhomeless veterans. To examine unique characteristics of being homeless that may influence PTSD treatment completion and clinical success.
Transforming veterans health care through academic-practice partnerships p424–430
通过学术执业伙伴关系转化老兵健康护理
The Veterans Health Affairs Office of Academic Affiliations (OAA) has invested in the creation of academic-practice partnerships to transform the care of veterans and their families. This article details how a long-standing relationship between the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing and the Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center grew into such a partnership. The three programs that now exist within the Birmingham Veterans Affairs Nursing Academic Partnership (VANAP) umbrella are described, including an undergraduate VA nurse scholars program that has sustained beyond OAA funding, a VANAP graduate education program for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (NPs), and a Mental Health NP Residency.
A prism of excellence: The Charleston Veterans Administration Nursing Academic Partnership p431–439
一面优秀的镜子：查尔斯顿退伍军人署护理学术伙伴关系计划介绍
The Veterans Administration (VA) has been committed to academic affiliate training partnerships for nearly 70 years in efforts to enhance veteran-centric health care. One such effort, the VA Nursing Academy (VANA) program, was developed in 2007 in response to the nationwide nursing shortage and began as a five-year pilot with funding competitively awarded to 15 partnerships between local VA medical centers and schools of nursing. The VANA program evolved into the VA Nursing Academic Partnership (VANAP) program following the initial pilot.
Factors influencing health behaviors among active duty Air Force personnel p440–449
影响现役空军官兵健康行为的因素
Individual health behaviors affect whether U.S. Air Force (USAF) service members are fit and ready to deploy. The purpose of this study was to understand health behaviors of USAF members to guide future interventions to reduce cardiovascular risks.
The challenges and psychological impact of delivering nursing care within a war zone p450–458
战区护理面临的挑战和心理冲击
Between 2001 and 2014, British military nurses served in Afghanistan caring for both service personnel and local nationals of all ages. However, there have been few research studies assessing the psychological impact of delivering nursing care in a war zone hospital.
Answering the call to address chronic pain in military service members and veterans: Progress in improving pain care and restoring health p459–484
响应号召解决军人及退伍军人的慢性疼痛问题
Chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) in military and veteran populations mirrors the experience of chronic pain in America; however, these two populations have unique characteristics and comorbid conditions such as traumatic brain injuries, postconcussive syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder, and behavioral health disorders that complicate the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain. Military members and veterans may also be stigmatized about their conditions and experience problems with integration back into healthy lifestyles and society as a whole following deployments and after military service. The military and veteran health care systems have made chronic pain a priority and have made substantial strides in addressing this condition through advances in practice, education, research, and health policy.
“I Serve 2”: Meeting the needs of military children in civilian practice p485–490
“1对2”：满足在民间执业的军人子女的需求
The American Academy of Nursing launched the “Have You Ever Served in the Military?” campaign in 2013 in conjunction with the Joining Forces campaign spearheaded by First Lady Michelle Obama and Dr. Jill Biden. The “Have You Ever Served in the Military?” campaign provides guidance and resources for nurses outside the Military Health System and Veterans Health Administration where upwards of 80% of veterans receive care. However, most military personnel do not serve alone.
Battlefield acupuncture: Opening the door for acupuncture in Department of Defense/Veteran's Administration health care p491–498
战场针灸：为国防部/退伍军人署健康保健打开大门
Battlefield acupuncture is a unique auricular acupuncture procedure which is being used in a number of military medical facilities throughout the Department of Defense (DoD). It has been used with anecdotal published positive impact with warriors experiencing polytrauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, and traumatic brain injury. It has also been effectively used to treat warriors with muscle and back pain from carrying heavy combat equipment in austere environments. This article highlights the history within the DoD related to the need for nonpharmacologic/opioid pain management across the continuum of care from combat situations, during evacuation, and throughout recovery and rehabilitation. The article describes the history of auricular acupuncture and details implementation procedures.
Article
National Institutes of Health Symptom Science Model sheds light on patient symptoms p499–506
国家健康症状科学模型研究所说明患者症状
Since the establishment of the nursing profession, identifying and alleviating the subjective symptoms experienced by patients has been at the core of nursing practice. In supporting the scientific foundation for clinical practice, nursing science has maintained a consistent commitment to prevent, manage, and eliminate symptoms. Scientists from the intramural research program at the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), a component of the National Institutes of Health, developed a National Institutes of Health Symptom Science Model (NIH-SSM) to guide symptom science research programs engaged in the use of emerging “omic” methods such as the genotyping of symptom phenotypes.
American Academy of Nursing on Policy
Policy brief: Registered nurse staffing requirements in nursing homes
p507–509
政策简报：养老院的注册护士编制要求
Nursing home care quality problems were first comprehensively documented in the 1986 Institute of Medicine (IOM)) report, Improving the Quality of Care in Nursing Homes. The recommendations from that report formed the basis of the 1987 Nursing Home Reform Act, part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987. However, federal rules require only “the use of a registered nurse for at least 8 consecutive hours a day, 7 days a week.” (42 CFR §483.30(a)). Recognizing the substantial increases in acuity and complexity of nursing home residents since that time, subsequent Institute of Medicine, 1996, Institute of Medicine, 2001) recommended 24-hr registered nurse (RN) staffing. Thirty years after the first IOM report, nursing homes are still not required to have at least one RN on a 24-hr basis.
Health care services for transgender individuals: Position statement p510–512
变性个体的医疗保健服务：立场声明
The American Academy of Nursing supports initiatives to address the health needs of transgender individuals (TI) and supports policy initiatives that reduce the heath care barriers that most TI encounter. There is a great need for the development of strategies and policies to eliminate the health care disparities of approximately 700,000 TI in the United States (Gates, 2011). Transgender is the term used for individuals who have gender identity and/or gender expression differing from the assigned sex at birth (Fenway Health, 2010).
Toxic stress: Urgent action needed to reduce exposure to toxic stress in pregnant women and young children p513–515
毒性应激：紧急行动起来减少孕妇和幼儿的毒性应激暴露
The American Academy of Nursing (The Academy) champions the reduction of toxic stress associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as a top priority for improving the health of the population (Mason & Cox, 2014). Toxic stress associated with adverse experiences during pregnancy and early childhood can have catastrophic neurobiological, social, emotional, and life-course effects (Anda et al., 2006, Erhuma, 2012,Gluckman et al., 2008, Luby et al., 2013, Wright, 2010). Policies designed to address the effects of toxic stress on the mental health of infants and young children must also address support for parents in providing a safe, responsive, consistent, and nurturing environment.
Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science
Engaging members and partner organizations in translating a nursing science agenda p516–519
让会员及合作组织参与转化护理学议程
In the last issue of Nursing Outlook, the Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science (CANS) addressed the topic of setting priorities for nursing science to meet the contemporary health care needs of our communities. CANS is an open member affiliate organization of the American Academy of Nursing. The CANS leadership is composed of elected officers as well as appointed members from the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), Sigma Theta Tau International, American Nurses Foundation, and the four regional research societies, (Midwest, Eastern, and Southern Nursing Research Societies and the Western Institute of Nursing).
Fifteenth anniversary (2000–2015): Past, present, and future p520–522
15周年纪（2000-2015）：过去、现在和将来
Frontmatter
Table of Contents A1–A4
Informations for Readers A6
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