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    《ISPN学习》总第506期
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    《ISPN学习》总第524期
    日期:2019-08-16 09:36:57    




    《ISPN学习》2019年08月16日总第524期
     

     
    相识是缘,相知是福;
    风雨兼程,不忘初心;
    有您相伴,奥医感恩。
     
    From the Programs
    From the Programs [课程选粹]栏目登载奥医网站课程材料精选,旨在帮助读者了解奥医ISPN/NCLEX-RN考试复习课程内容,并加深对考试相关内容的学习、掌握[课程详情见网站或点击阅读原文]您的需要就是我们的努力方向。谢谢)


    RN-ISPN综合复习课程上线
    《RN-ISPN综合复习讲座》4月15日起陆续上线,每周两讲,预计11月底完成。有需要者请联系ISPN周老师咨询、报名,并感谢各位向有需要的亲朋好友推荐本讲座。详情请登录网站(www.omedin.com)“备考资讯”栏目查询、试听。相关介绍在QQ群“国际护士ISPN”(群号:384099249)及微信公众号ISPN周老师(ISPN-CG)同步发布。谢谢!
      

     
    想提高专业英语听力吗?想边练听力边增加护理专业知识吗?Listening -- Elementary》(专业英语听力 – 初级)可助你一臂之力。
     
     
    ISPN  Review  
    Nursing Considerations for Patients Receiving Agents for Influenza A and Respiratory Viruses
    A型流感和呼吸系统病毒治疗患者的护理考虑
     
    Assessment: History and Examination
    评估:病史与检查
     
    • Assess for contraindications or cautions: known history of allergy to antivirals to avoid hypersensitivity reactions; history of liver or renal dysfunction that might interfere with drug metabolism and excretion; and current status related to pregnancy or lactation.
     

    •评估有无禁忌症及注意事项:已知的抗病毒药过敏史,避免超敏反应;评估可能影响药物代谢和排泄的肝或肾功能障碍史;妊娠或哺乳相关状况。
     
    • Perform a physical assessment to establish baseline data for evaluating the effectiveness of the drug and the occurrence of any adverse effects associated with drug therapy.
     

    •进行体格检查,确立评估药物治疗效果所需要的基线数据及与药物疗法相关的不良效应发生率。
     
    • Assess for orientation and reflexes to evaluate any CNS effects of the drug; vital signs (temperature, respiratory rate, breath sounds for adventitious sounds) to assess for signs and symptoms of the viral infection; blood pressure to monitor for orthostatic hypotension; urinary output to monitor genitourinary (GU) effects of the drug; and renal and hepatic function tests to determine baseline function of these organs.
     

    •评估有无定向障碍和反射情况,评价药物的中枢神经系统效应。评估生命体征(体温、呼吸率、附加音呼吸音)以确定有无病毒感染症状体征;评估血压,监测有无体位性低血压;评估尿排量,监测药物的生殖泌尿效应;行肾、肝功能试验,确定这些器官的基线功能。
     
    Nursing Diagnoses
    护理诊断
     
    Nursing diagnoses related to drug therapy might include the following:
    • Acute Pain related to GI, CNS, or GU effects of the drug
    • Disturbed Sensory Perception (Kinesthetic) related to CNS effects of the drug
    • Deficient Knowledge regarding drug therapy
     

    •与药物疗法相关的护理诊断可能包括如下情况:
    •急性痛,与药物的GI、CNS或GU效应相关
    •感官感觉混乱(动觉),与药物的CNS效应相关
    •知识缺乏,与药物疗法相关

     
    Implementation With Rationale
    实施及原理说明
     

    • Start the drug regimen as soon after exposure to the virus as possible to enhance effectiveness and decrease the risk of complications due to viral infection.
    • Administer influenza A vaccine before the flu season begins, if at all possible, to decrease the risk of contracting the flu and decrease the risk of complications.
    • Administer the full course of the drug to obtain the full beneficial effects.
    • Provide safety provisions if CNS effects occur to protect the patient from injury.
    • Instruct the patient about the appropriate dosage scheduling regimen; safety precautions, including changing position slowly and avoiding driving and hazardous tasks, that should be taken if CNS effects occur; and the need to report any adverse effects such as difficulty walking or talking to enhance patient knowledge about drug therapy and to promote compliance.
     

    •接触病毒后尽快开始药物治疗,加强有效性,减少病毒感染并发症风险
    •若有可能,在流感季节开始前接种A型流感疫苗,降低感冒风险,降低并发症风险
    •完成整个疗程治疗,充分发挥治疗效果
    •出现CNS效应时,提供安全措施,保护患者免受损伤
    •教育患者执行合适的剂量计划、安全措施,包括慢慢变换体位,避免驾驶及做危险任务;报告任何不良效应,如步行困难,增强患者药物疗法相关知识,促进顺从性

     
    Evaluation
    评价
     
    • Monitor patient response to the drug (prevention of respiratory flu-like symptoms; alleviation of flu-like symptoms).
    • Monitor for adverse effects (changes in orientation and affect, blood pressure, urinary output).
    • Determine the effectiveness of the teaching plan (patient can name the drug, dosage, possible adverse effects to watch for, and specific measures to help to avoid or minimize adverse effects).
    • Monitor the effectiveness of comfort and safety measures and compliance with the regimen.
     

    •监测患者对药物的响应情况(预防呼吸性流感样症状,减轻流感样症状)
    •监测有无不良效应(定向力、情感、血压、尿排量等的变化)
    •确定教育计划有效性(患者能够说出药物名称、剂量、需要注意的不良效应、帮助避免或减轻不良效应的具体措施)
    •监测舒适、安全措施的有效性和治疗顺从性

     
    Vocabulary for Today    
    kinesthetic – a. 肌肉运动知觉的,动觉的

     
    尽快地从茫然中理清复习思路,准确地抓住复习重点,这是每一个考试复习者的一大愿望。“ISPN考试复习要点提示”即是帮您实现这一愿望的利器!该教程已在www.omedin.com陆续上线。
     
     
    Video            
    Nursing Considerations for Pt. Taking Influenza A Drugs
     
    Test                 
    1. Which enzyme is essential for the maturation of infectious viruses?
    A. Reverse transcriptase
    B. Protease
    C. Nucleosidase
    D. CCR5-ase
    2. A senior nurse would be correct to advise her colleague to monitor which parameter in patients receiving cyclosporine and zidovudine at the same time?
    A. Skin lesion, temperature, and color
    B. Flu-like symptoms
    C. Level of consciousness
    D. CBC with differential count
     
    (本期答案见页底)
     
    奥医教育“在线自测”正式上线,复习练习、效果检验,奥医NCLEX-RN/ISPN题库一站完成。需要就来www.omedin.com
     
     
    本期ISPN Review答案
    1. B. protease.
    This is where the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors is anchored. As a result, viruses are unable to fuse and inject into a cell.
    2. C. level of consciousness.
    Severe drowsiness and lethargy can occur in patients taking these drugs at the same time.
     




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