Tips On How To Review For ISPN Examinations
13
Positioning Clients in Perioperative Phase
围手术期患者体位
The terms pressure ulcer 压力性溃疡, decubitus ulcer裖疮溃疡, and pressure sore受压溃疡 have often been used interchangeably. However, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP，全国压力性溃疡顾问小组) currently considers pressure injury压力性损伤 the best one to use, given that open ulceration does not always occur. According to the NPUAP, a pressure injury is a localized damage to the skin and underlying soft tissue, usually over a bony prominence骨突 or related to a medical or other device. It can present as intact skin or an open ulcer and may be painful. It occurs as a result of intense or prolonged pressure or pressure in combination with shear剪力.
Body mechanics人体力学 refers to the movement of the body in a coordinated and efficient way so that proper balance, alignment, and conservation of energy’s is maintained.
Body alignment体姿协调 refers to posture, the relationship of body parts to one another.
Review of this chapter will focus on the nature of positions and their application in operative patients based on the nature of the procedure and the systems involved in the operation and risk factors for positioning injuries. They will be presented in three parts:
(1) positioning and their risk factors;
(2) nature of positions; and
(3) medical conditions and use of positions
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